Isopropyl Acetate

Isopropyl acetate is the esterification product of acetic acid and isopropanol. It appears as a colorless, transparent liquid with a mild, fruity odor. It is miscible with ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, aromatic hydrocarbons, and esters; exhibits good solvency for nitrocellulose, acrylic resins, polyurethanes, and certain epoxy resins; and has a volatilization rate between that of ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate.

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Product Introduction

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Basic physical properties of Isopropyl Acetate

Melting point: -73.4°C
Boiling point: 88.4–89.0°C (atmospheric pressure; approx. 12.5°C lower than *n*-propyl acetate; higher than ethyl acetate but lower than butyl acetate)
Density: 0.871–0.874 g/cm³ (20°C; lighter than water)
Flash point: 2°C (closed cup)-highly flammable, Class I flammable liquid (significantly more hazardous than *n*-propyl acetate at 14°C; comparable to ethyl acetate)
Refractive index: n²⁰_D 1.377
Vapor pressure: approx. 6.3 kPa (20°C)

chemical properties

General properties of esters: Acid/base-catalyzed hydrolysis yields acetic acid and isopropanol; since the boiling point of isopropanol (82.5°C) is close to that of the ester, separation via rectification requires azeotropic distillation or extraction.
Stability: Stable at room temperature; store in a sealed, moisture-proof container; hydrolysis is accelerated by strong acids or bases at elevated temperatures.
Does not react with common metals or rubber, but causes swelling in certain elastomers that are not solvent-resistant.

Primary Uses

Medium-fast drying solvent: Isopropyl acetate is used in coatings, wood finishes, automotive refinish paints, and inks to adjust leveling and drying rates (slower than ethyl acetate but faster than n-propyl acetate).
Nitrocellulose (NC) lacquers: A classic solvent for NC clear coats; prevents blushing.
Extraction agent: Used for extracting fragrances and antibiotics (penicillins) and for plant essential oil extraction.
Electronics/precision cleaning: A fast-drying degreaser replacing acetone or IPA (evaporates faster than IPA and offers stronger solvency).
Organic synthesis: Used to produce isopropyl alcohol derivatives and fragrance precursors.

Safety and Toxicology

Acute toxicity: Isopropyl acetate is classified as having low toxicity.; oral LD₅₀ in rats ≈ 3800 mg/kg; high vapor concentrations cause anesthesia and irritation to eyes and nose.
Irritation: Moderate eye irritation; causes skin defatting and dryness.
Flammability/Explosion: Explosive limits 1.8%–7.8% (v/v); vapor is heavier than air.
Protection: Explosion-proof ventilation, organic vapor cartridges, nitrile gloves; UN 1220, Class 3, PG II.
Storage/Transport: Nitrogen blanketing for full tanks; keep away from alkalis, strong acids, and oxidizing agents.