N-Butanol

n-Butanol is a colorless, transparent liquid with a wine-like odor and is classified as one of the four major lower alcohols. It is primarily used as a feedstock for plasticizers and as a solvent in coatings and inks. As a hazardous chemical, it must be stored in a cool, well-ventilated warehouse, away from sources of ignition and heat.

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Product Introduction

Zouping Jinxing Chemical Co., Ltd. is one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of n-butanol in China. If you're going to wholesale bulk n-butanol made in China, welcome to get free sample from our factory. All customized products are with high quality and low price.

Physicochemical properties

Boiling point: 117.7℃, Melting point: −89.8℃, Density: 0.810 g/cm³ (20℃)
Solubility: Partially miscible with water (approximately 7.7 g/100 mL at 20℃, miscibility increases slightly with temperature), miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, and benzene; azeotropic with water (containing 37.5% water, boiling point 92℃)
Flash point: 35℃ (closed cup), flammable, explosion limits: 1.4%–11.2% (by volume)
Refractive index: n²⁰_D ≈ 1.399
Chemical behavior: N-Butanol is a typical straight-chain primary alcohol; its esterification rate is slightly faster than that of isobutanol (due to the absence of steric hindrance from β-branching); oxidizable to n-butyraldehyde → n-butyric acid, halogenated, dehydrated to 1-butene/2-butene, esterified with acid anhydrides/acyl chlorides

Core Uses

Solvents: N-Butanol is a major solvent for nitrocellulose lacquers, resins, printing inks, and adhesives.; evaporates more slowly than isobutanol, which is beneficial for leveling and preventing whitening.
Ester Plasticizers: Esterification with phthalic anhydride yields DBP (dibutyl phthalate), which was once widely used in PVC plasticizing; esterification with acetic acid yields n-butyl acetate (a paint solvent).
Pharmaceuticals/Pesticides/Fragrances: Used in the production of butyrate ester fragrances (one of the main components of banana oil), pharmaceutical intermediates (such as barbiturate side chains), and pyrethroid solvents.
Resin Synthesis: Alcohol components used in the modification of alkyd resins and urea-formaldehyde resins.
Fuels and Additives: Bio-butanol is evaluated as an oxygen-containing blending component for gasoline (higher energy density than ethanol, lower water absorption than ethanol).
Chemical Intermediates: Oxidation to produce n-butyric acid and n-butyraldehyde; amination and dehydration to produce nitrile butyrate (rubber additive).

Safety and Storage

Toxicity: N-Butanol is classified as having low toxicity.; oral LD₅₀ in rats ≈ 790–1480 mg/kg; vapor irritates eyes, nose, and throat; high concentrations cause anesthesia and headache; not listed as carcinogenic by IARC.

GHS: Flammable liquid (Cat 3), Irritant (Eye Irrit 2A, STOT SE 3)

Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated place (≤30℃), away from open flames, oxidizers, and strong acids; tank truck/drum packaging, grounded.

Fire Extinguishing Methods: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, CO₂, water spray.

Protection: High-concentration respirator, nitrile gloves, goggles; contain spills with sand/non-combustible absorbent; dispose of wastewater as organic hazardous waste.