Isobutanol

Isobutanol is a colorless, transparent liquid with a mild alcoholic odor and a boiling point of approximately 108 °C. It is primarily used as a solvent in coatings, printing inks, resins, and fragrances, as well as in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates. Additionally, it can be dehydrated to produce isobutene, or utilized via biofermentation routes as a bio‑based oxygenate for gasoline in research applications.

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Product Introduction

Zouping Jinxing Chemical Co., Ltd. is one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of isobutanol in China. If you're going to wholesale bulk isobutanol made in China, welcome to get free sample from our factory. All customized products are with high quality and low price.

Physicochemical properties

Boiling point: 107.9℃, Melting point: −108℃, Density: 0.802 g/cm³ (20℃)
Solubility: Partially miscible with water (approx. 9.5 g/100 mL, 20℃), miscible with ethanol, ether, and most organic solvents; azeotrope contains 6.5% water (boiling point 89.8℃)
Refractive index: n²⁰_D ≈ 1.395
Flash point: 28℃ (closed cup), flammable, explosive limits: 1.7%–10.6% (volume)
Chemical behavior: Typical primary alcohol-can be esterified and oxidized to isobutyraldehyde → isobutyric acid, halogenated, and dehydrated to isobutylene; hydroxyl reactivity is slightly lower than n-butanol (β-branching steric hindrance)

Core Uses

Solvents: Excellent solvents for nitrocellulose, resins, oils, inks, and coatings; evaporation rate between ethanol and n-butanol improves leveling.
Ester Synthesis: Isobutyrates (isobutyl isobutyrate, diisobutyl phthalate DIBP) as plasticizers, fragrances (fruity blending).
Pharmaceutical/Pesticide Intermediates: Production of isobutyl compounds, side chains for local anesthetics, pyrethroid modified groups.
Fuel Additives: Oxygen-containing blending components (octane enhancers); bio-based isobutanol is evaluated as a gasoline alternative blending agent.
Rubber and Textile Auxiliaries: Emulsifiers, coupling agent precursors.

Safety and Storage

Toxicity: Isobutanol has low toxicity; the oral LD₅₀ in rats is approximately 2460 mg/kg; it is irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes; high concentrations of vapor can cause headache, dizziness, and anesthesia; and it is not classified as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

GHS: Flammable liquid (Cat 3), Irritant (Eye Irritant 2A)

Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated place (≤30℃), away from sources of ignition, oxidizers, and strong acids; suitable for both drums and tank trucks; grounding is required.

Fire Extinguishing Methods: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, CO₂, water spray; do not use direct water jets to prevent spills.

Protection: High-concentration respirator, solvent-resistant gloves, safety goggles; spills should be absorbed with sand/activated carbon; wastewater should be disposed of in the hazardous waste system.

FAQ

Q: Toxicity and Occupational Health

A:Low acute toxicity: Rat oral LD₅₀ 2460 mg/kg, rabbit dermal LD₅₀ >2000 mg/kg; classified as low toxicity.

Primary hazards: Anesthetic effects + eye/respiratory tract irritation:

Inhalation of high concentrations of vapor causes headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, and ataxia; severe cases may involve confusion/impaired consciousness.

Liquid contact causes severe corneal irritation; it is a common cause of occupational chemical eye burns.

Skin contact causes defatting, dryness, cracking, and dermatitis.

Chronic effects: Long-term low-concentration exposure may lead to neurasthenia-like syndrome, mild liver function abnormalities, and visual impairment.

Carcinogenicity: IARC Group 3 (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans); no classification for reproductive toxicity.

Occupational exposure limits:

China GBZ 2.1: PC-TWA 100 mg/m³, PC-STEL 150 mg/m³

ACGIH TLV-TWA: 50 ppm (152 mg/m³), STEL 75 ppm

OSHA PEL-TWA: 100 ppm

GHS Label: Warning; H226 (Flammable) + H315 (Skin irritation) + H319 (Eye irritation) + H332 (Harmful if inhaled) + H335 (Respiratory irritation) + H336 (Dizziness) + H412 (Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects).

Q: Key Points for Handling and Storage

A: Fume hood + explosion-proof electrical equipment + local exhaust ventilation to prevent vapor accumulation;

PPE: Nitrile gloves, safety goggles plus face shield, half-face respirator (with organic vapor cartridge); bare-handed handling is strictly prohibited;

Storage: Cool, well-ventilated warehouse (≤30°C); keep away from strong oxidizers (e.g., chromic acid, peroxides), strong acids, and strong bases; store separately from food;

Spills: Collect using sand, vermiculite, or inert absorbent pads; for large spills, transfer to a tanker truck using an explosion-proof pump; do not flush into sewers (long-term aquatic toxicity H412);

Firefighting: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, CO₂, or water spray/mist; wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) at the fire scene (protection against CO and aldehyde decomposition products).删除

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Styrene

N-Butanol