Diethyl Fumarate
Zouping Jinxing Chemical Co., Ltd. is one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of diethyl fumarate in China. If you're going to wholesale bulk diethyl fumarate made in China, welcome to get free sample from our factory. All customized products are with high quality and low price.
Basic physical properties
Appearance: Diethyl fumarate is a colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid (high-purity products may crystallize at low temperatures).
Melting point: 1–2 °C (some literature cites 1.5 °C); liquid at room temperature
Boiling point: 218–220 °C (atmospheric pressure); 102–104 °C/15 mmHg (reduced pressure)
Density: 1.052 g/cm³ (20 °C; denser than water)
Refractive index: n²⁰_D 1.441–1.443
Flash point: 92–94 °C (closed cup); combustible liquid (not classified as low-flash-point)
Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water (approx. 0.5 g/L at 20 °C); miscible with ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, ethyl acetate, and aromatic hydrocarbons; capable of dissolving certain acrylics/unsaturated polyesters
Primary Uses
Organic synthesis intermediate: Diels-Alder synthesis of cyclic diesters; side-chain precursor for pharmaceuticals (e.g., pimobendan) and agrochemicals.
Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) monomer: Copolymerized with maleic anhydride or phthalic anhydride to adjust resin flexibility and reactivity (the *trans* isomer contributes to lower cross-link density).
Fragrance/Solvent: Used in small quantities as a high-boiling solvent or reaction medium; possesses no significant aroma itself.
Analytical standard: Used for GC calibration and isomer separation reference (paired with diethyl maleate).
Safety and Toxicology
Acute toxicity: Low toxicity; rat oral LD₅₀ ≈ 3200 mg/kg (comparable to diethyl maleate).
Irritation: Moderate eye/skin irritant; GHS H315/H319/H335.
Long-term effects: There is no specific evidence that diethyl fumarate is teratogenic or carcinogenic; however, as it is an unsaturated ester, prolonged skin contact should be avoided.
Flammability/Explosion: Combustible; extinguish with foam, dry powder, CO₂, or sand/earth.
Protection: Handle in a fume hood; wear safety goggles and nitrile gloves; manage as a combustible, low-toxicity unsaturated ester.
Storage and transport: Store in a sealed container away from light (to prevent photo-isomerization or polymerization); keep separate from strong oxidizers and strong bases.
FAQ
Q: How safe is it? What should be kept in mind during operation?
A: It is a combustible liquid of low toxicity, though it is more irritating than typical saturated esters. Toxicity: LD₅₀ (oral, rat) is approximately 3.2 g/kg; it is irritating to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract and may cause contact dermatitis. Protection: Ensure adequate ventilation during handling; wear safety goggles and chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile/butyl); avoid inhaling vapors and prolonged skin contact.
Q: What are the requirements for storage and transportation?
A: Storage: Store in a sealed container in a cool, dry place away from light; refrigeration at 2–8°C is recommended. Avoid storage with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, or strong bases. Transport: Regulated as a flammable liquid (Class 3), UN No. 1993; flammable label required. Not classified as highly toxic or corrosive.
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